International Operations Management Essay

Nowadays every company wants to gain a competitive edge in the market and for that it leaves no store unturned . When any new development takes place although it has a good side to it but there are equally a lot of challenges attached to it as well. If a company is thinking of moving from batch processing to line processing there would be considerable concerns which the following departments might raise and might have to juggle with. The finance department might face the issues of capital investment rising from moderate to high level because if an automobile production line is there then it would not use ordinary machinery instead would require specialized machinery for its production. In a batch processing system the capital investment is usually seen to be moderate and when decision of venturing into line processing is taken then capital investments expects to be high. Variable cost might tend to lessen from moderate level of previous working seen in batch processing. Human resource department would also have to face issues like curtailing the number of labor content and workforce . Usually in assembly line processing the workforce is replaced by machinery and supporting mechanisms embedded in the systems like for example adding a conveyer belt to connect the activities which take place in the firm. (Lewis & Slack, 2003). Labor content in batch processing is moderate whereas in line processing its low. (McHugh & MuHugh , 1990) . This can be a concern of the human resource department because it would take decisions like lay off, transfer etc. The accounting department has to be on the toes because the level of transactions would increase as the volume would increase i. e. from moderate level of quantity produced to high level production. The entries have to be made on a continuous basis as volume or the quantity has risen. The information system which would be used for line processing will have to more swift and embedded with specialized softwares or systems which support line processing nature of work. The connected flow of working will have to be monitored efficiently. The system of monitoring will have to be modified so as to facilitate the current functioning. The marketing department might think of the fact that in the batch processing products involved were several and in line processing the products involved are less hence less responsibility, but the quality of marketing expertise would be expected to increase drastically. ( Heizer & Render , 1991 ) . A batch process usually executes different production runs for different runs but it’s not in the case of line processing. The flexibility is usually seen to be low in line processing and therefore as in batch processing where flexibility is seen to be moderate might create concerns for the marketing department. The marketing department now will have to devise such ideas which are out of the box and facilitate such larger processing function . The marketing department has to design such products which entice the masses as they would now not have multiple products which can save their flagging reputation. (Weiss & Gershon, 1989) To culminate I would state that whenever any other process flow is adopted then there are certain specifications which are to be considered and the various departments which previously followed a specific line of action need to have the insight of how to adapt to the other one in which they are opting to venture.

Tata Ace

Marketing StatergyX MBA 18 – Vashi Core IIHerat Mehta Henry Ford said that customers could get cars of any color as long as it was black, while Tata Motors went to customers before designing Ace and asked them about the price and features that they wanted. Compare and contrast between these two approaches? 1. Both the cases are related to Automobile industries. Mr. Ford is talking about passenger cars & tata is talking about commercial vehicles. Main points can be argued as follows. Ford Cars| Tata Ace| Passenger Vehicles| SCV| Already made a huge market & business| Trying to make a new segment in the business| Going for Mass production| Product aimed at saving the entire business. | Almost monopoly business as 50 % of the requirement was fulfilled by Ford| Looking for the new customer or converting customers for their product. | Assembly line production planned. | Product for the people & by the people concept. | Production can be faster as black is the fastest drying colour| Not clear about the achievable sales from the target 30,000 units per year. Only colour becomes constraint for the prospective buyer. | The entire design concept is yet to be proved. | To summarise, both the approaches look fine at their own stages. Identify two activities done by Tata Motors while applying the marketing concept for developing Ace? 2. Implemented cross – functional teams which used 3P concept. (Production, preparation process) Extensive market study considering all possible factors like political, growth, devel opment and also customer need and requirements. Product was designed as the product from the customer, for the customer and designed it as a vehicle to service the last mile distribution. What are the different types of benefits or gratifications that consumers can draw from a product or a service? Discuss with respect to the case? 3. The Benefits that the customers can take from Tata Ace: * Better cost per ton for transportation. * Better fuel efficiency. * Safety * Durability * Weather proofing for the driver. * Additional payload. * Higher status in the community. * Personal motivation to start own business. Better manoeuvrability, can travel on all roads without restrictions, Can travel longer distance at a stretch and can reach smallest of the lanes or areas. * Self satisfaction of having or driving a small truck. What marketing lessons did you learn from the entire case study related to marketing? 4. Following points are very important for marketing a product * It is very important to involve marketing concepts while or prio r to design of a product. * Development of any product should involve all marketing factors for the success of the product. It is important to consider economical situations while doing marketing research. * Same marketing concepts may not work every time for different products or for similar products. * It is must to involve (consider) end users while designing a product. * It is also important to make a proper market segmentation and define target market for any product. * Emotional consideration while defining marketing strategy is very important. * To reach mass in India, marketing should be done in all languages & also in local media. The product should be supported strongly by local availability and after sales service. * It is important to avoid finance related issues of the prospective customers. marketing initiatives you would like to suggest for the future of Tata Ace? 5. Tata should take following Initiatives: * Give more models with different options like, powerful engin e, air-conditioning, option of more colours and body size. * Tata should target further into business specific models. * Reinforce service centres with educational drive & free services. Should make Ace at different geographical plats so that the supply is faster and cheaper. * Tata should launch a higher capacity version on the same platform again naming Ace + or equivalent. * To conduct a survey on the parts which are most unreliable & work on them. * To reduce cost of parts & make them easily available so that the duplication market can be avoided. * A new & fresh team to work on future actions required & again go back to the customers for further input. (This time should go to existing customer showing the commitment from the company)

Yves Saint Laurent

After a thorough study of your company and a meticulous analysis the information you have given me, I have concluded that if Yves Saint Laurent changes from a differentiation strategy to a differentiation focus strategy, it is possible for YSL to double its profit within three years. The upsides of the change are a 150-percent increase in profit and strong brand awareness in a niche segment whose profile will be described in details hereafter. On the other hand, there are downside risks, including high possibility that Louis Vuitton, Tods and Bulgari will attempt to replicate YSL products since they are close to the targeted positioning as well (See Appendix A). The specific goals for YSL in the next 3 years include focusing on a specific segment of the fashion industry. YSL’s current operations and net sales of $145 million are small, compared to Gucci and even YSL Beaute but they make differentiation focus strategy a suitable and viable option. Furthermore, the prospect of targeting a niche market also arises from YSL’s prominent image as sophisticated sexy and European-chic. Hence, I recommend that YSL develops a focus on men and women who are â€Å"thirty and thriving†. These clienteles are those who are beautiful and sophisticated with a promising career. They are quite successful for their age and seem to â€Å"have, but still want it all† such as young successful entrepreneurs or middle-management investment bankers. The benefits of focusing on clientele who are in their 30s are the solidity of their earnings which will drive stable sales and their tendency toward elegance and departing from pure chic and hip. The other goals that coupled with a targeted niche segment are improving operating margin and sales. With the declining trend in royalties, I recommend that YSL should discount them and focus mainly on operating margin excluding royalties. The milestones are 20% in the 2004, 24% in 2008 and 28% in 2005 which will bring YSL’s operating margin to Vuitton’s vicinity. However, increasing volume in sales should increase as in well in order to gain a more critical mass. The milestones are set as followed: at least $200, 300 and $400 in the first, second and third year respectively. These targets will uniquely reposition YSL since it has a higher operating margin than Hermes and its sales target is much lower than Vuitton which signifies its exclusivity (See Appendix B). Product: There are two products offering options that I would consider: ready-to-wear clothes or leather bags. Both products are desirable in the chosen niche market. Louis Vuitton has a leather-dominant product mix while Hermes would be a more appropriate competitor for read-to-make apparel. It is important that YSL only choose one product on which it can focus because a diverse product mix when implement a differentiation-focus strategy runs a dilution risk. The durability of leather is an advantage with lower product line turnover than apparel. Bags are often viewed as more versatile as a fashionable statement compared to the constantly changing trends in apparel. However, the habit of buying clothes when new season comes around can drive higher sales. In the case that clothing is chosen, it is recommended that the sizes should range from 0-2 and the fit should enunciate our clienteles’ confident figures. These factors contribute to the exclusivity. Also, there are a lot of opportunities for synergies in production. YSL can have production in Italy with the help of Gucci’s excellent suppliers relationship and expertise as well as its own factories in Paris. Price: In order to meet the targeted sales of $400 million after 3 years, if each item is has a premium price of $3000, YSL is aiming to sell 134,000 items in 2005. It is a reasonable estimate considering that after the acquisition of Mendes, YSL will have the capacity to produce and sell at such volume. However, it is recommended that YSL open additional stores (See Place/Distribution Channel). When buying raw materials from suppliers, YSL and Gucci need to collaborate to ask for better discounts. YSL should also sell off any unnecessary factories bought from Mendes in France if it is more economical to produce in Italy with Gucci. Place/Distribution Channels: Gucci and YSl can also share facilities including warehouses in Italy and factories in France. Another recommendation is that YSL should purchase all its licensees, sever contracts with other distributors and wholesale businesses even if they are bringing in earnings. YSL needs an exclusive distribution channel to match the nature of its products. YSL should only sell its products through directly operated stores. YSL need to work with Gucci’s recent revamp team in order to change their store layouts to have a lounge ambience, fitting with the sophisticated 30s. YSL also needs to ask Gucci to pick 15 new locations in Italy for additional stores. There should only be stores in Italy and France to preserve the European charm which is a big part of its brand image and identity. It must close down the distributor in Japan so it can have a complete control over what the stores look like, how the sales representatives dress and behave. Another distribution channel that YSL should explore is the budding e-commerce culture but YSL should retain exclusivity by restricting access unless existing customers have a code authorized by YSL to log in. Promotion: â€Å"A luxurious brand for the most fortunately beautiful people on earth† The phrase should be the tagline for any YSL advertisement and a benchmark to assessing the brand performance. Also, it is important to reiterate the â€Å"fortunately beautiful† in marketing campaign as to reinforcing the exclusivity of the clientele and to anchoring the brand with such clientele. Even the buying experience is unique. It is a negotiation between the salesperson and the customers to determine each other’s fit. Salespeople should be told not to rush a sale and customers are encouraged to make multiple visits to the store before purchasing. In addition, if Gucci has Tom Ford, YSL needs to use Yves’s revered figure in marketing. An image of the young Yves will add to the mystique of the brand and a linkage to a rich history. I hope these recommendations are helpful and I am looking forward to working with you.

A Study on Total Quality Management and Lean Manufacturing Assignment

A Study on Total Quality Management and Lean Manufacturing - Assignment Example Critical assessment through the comparison of the two technologies and features of each is performed in this paper. With developments and advancements in the different fields of production, technology and manufacturing, the desire was felt for bringing about advanced methods of handling these functions. In effort to overcome the challenges and stay abreast with the demands of the times, two techniques were introduced. Each of these techniques was a gift of Japanese automobile manufacturing company- Toyota (Allen, 2010, 17). Since its introduction, this technique and methodology has found large amount of success and implementation across the world. There are certain key features to these two techniques. These two techniques are namely T.Q.M acronym for Total Quality Management and Lean Manufacturing. Each of these has its own characteristic features and functions associated with them. Part of the paper is aimed at understanding and finding the differences with regard to their implementation and specialization in terms of their operational scale and performance domain determination. The two concepts are the innovative ideas of the Toyota Production System that brought about these two concepts to advance and enhance the overall mechanism of production and manufacturing. Each of the aforementioned schemes of production and manufacturing related function is attributed to the purpose of bringing about improvement in the organizational outlook and overall quality of services and products that are manufactured by the given organizations. This particular case takes account of Toyota motors that incorporates these two functions and gains maximum amount of benefit from it through different mechanisms and integration in different environments. The case tries to present the different dimensions of the technology and techniques presented. It aims at understanding the

Natural Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Natural Rights - Essay Example These men have criticized strongly about the theory of natural rights and have put down their opinion in public with determination. Both Marx and Burke believed in liberty but was against the idea of natural rights According to Kreis(2009)â€Å"Marx rejects natural rights as a bourgeois invention. Socialism does not make appeals -- it demands. It speaks not of rights but of the new form of life which replaces the old social order†. According to Marx, people naturally have the liberty to perform action and enjoy its benefits under the rule of a civil institution However he argued that given the natural rights to human, he can bring out the selfish nature in him and harm the society. Marx claimed that people had the right to fight for their liberty against government at all cases. On the other hand Burke believed that allowing natural rights to people could endanger the government and it political structure. As per Stangroom,(2009)â€Å"Burke’s rejection of Enlightenment talk of natural rights, though, is fuelled by more than just a pragmatic, cautionary sensibility†. Natural right is the right present inherently with the personality of human being. The political theorist believes that a human being while entering a society come with natural rights offered to them by the nature. They claim that no government holds the power to deny these rights to the individuals. The rights to win property or right to rule is not a privately owned one but of natural quality. In his book Tierney(1997) writes that â€Å"Rights of ruler ship and rights of property were a part of the divine scheme of things; that was why transgression of these rights by disobedience or theft was considered as a moral sin†39. The idea of natural rights has evolved from the ancient doctrines of natural laws. According to natural law, since human beings are creation of God their rights in the society

How were the pyramids at Giza Constructed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How were the pyramids at Giza Constructed - Essay Example The great pyramids consist of huge stone blocks, carefully measured out and carved, and then slotted in to fit a perfect geometric shape on a truly colossal scale. Scientists today are still trying to figure out how a nation without modern lifting equipment and mechanized transportation could possibly have had the technical skill and physical power to construct these tall edifices in the sandy ground. The fact that the Egyptians possessed such a capability is undeniable, since the pyramids are still standing there as evidence. How these people managed this great feat is, however, a deep mystery. It has long been recognized that the ancient Egyptians used ramps and wooden sleds to transport huge blocks of stone from the quarries to the building site, and that there is no evidence that they knew about the wheel, the pulley or the derrick (Dunham, 1956, p. 161). It seems that they just built ramps and used many thousands of workers, and this simple explanation is widely accepted. Another, much more radical theory has been advanced by Danish scholar Erich von Dà ¤niken who argues that it would have taken human beings some 600 years to build the great pyramid of Cheops, the largest of the pyramids at Giza, shifting more two and a half million blocks of stone (Von Dà ¤niken, 1970, p.96) and using tens of thousands of workers at any one time. He theorized that there was insufficient food and shelter for such a number of workmen in the largely desert land around the area, and that therefore the ancient Egyptians must have had help from some supreme god-like beings from outer spac e. Assembling arguments gathered from other massive structures across the planet, and from legends about Egyptian gods such as Ra, who â€Å"travelled through the heavens on a bark† (Von Dà ¤niken, 1970, p. 94), the theory of ancient aliens helping to build the pyramids emerged. The two theories outlined above argue on very different principles. Von Dà ¤niken’s argument is based on vivid

W6 Asig HMO Information Delivery Framework and Data Warehousing Essay

W6 Asig HMO Information Delivery Framework and Data Warehousing - Essay Example herefore, the information delivery framework on an organization depends on the needs and demands for information of the organization, the users of information, as well as the tools which could be tapped to generate the needed data. As an end-user information delivery specialist, one would establish a framework for a health maintenance organization (HMO) through a comprehensive assessment of the information needs. The assessment necessitates identification of various users in the HMO. The HMO is defined as â€Å"an organization of hospitals, physicians, and health care providers who have joined to provide comprehensive health care services to its members† (Gitman, Joehnk, & Billingsley, 2013). As noted, HMO members include: doctors, diagnostic and laboratory technicians, nurses, administrative staff, executive management team, suppliers, clients (patients), and other health care providers. Therefore, the kind of information that would be gathered would be sourced through the various tools noted. As emphasized, â€Å"the principal class of tools comprises query and data access tools† (Ponniah, 2010, p. 360). Using the tool selection criteria and checklist, one could design the appropriate information delivery tools based on the most prominent and pressing concerns of the HMO: delivery of high quality health care and adherence to standards of safety required by health organizations. A bulk of the information to be solicited and gathered for the HMO would include current updates on health care, advances in medical technology and applications, health care regulations, standards for safety and high quality in the delivery of patient care, financial and human resources m anagement required to support and sustain operations of the HMO. Thus, using the above framework, a similar model for the HMO could be designed according to the stakeholders

Vodafone's Indonesian Expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Vodafone's Indonesian Expansion - Essay Example From this study it is clear that the MPR consists of two houses the People’s Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). The DPR is the law making body. The republic of Indonesia largely functions like the government of US with the President holding all executive powers. The 33 provinces have the right to make their own laws within the constitution and since 2001 have been granted greater autonomy in their affairs. Five of them have special rights for such enacting their own independent laws. They are Aceh, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Papua, and West Papua. Aceh province has promulgated the Islamic Shariah Law. Jakarta is the capital and the five largest cities are Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan and Semarang. Indonesia’s GDP for 2007 is UD$ 408 Billion and the estimated per capita income is UD$ 1,812. It has a large service sector comprising about 45% of the economy. The industrial sector is a close second at about 45%. The rest is agricultur al. Employment is however highest in the agricultural sector at about 44% of the total 95 million working population. The total population is about 206 million. The services sector employs 36% and the industries employ only about 19% population. Among the major industries are petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel and mining.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing - Essay Example The particular product selected for the research was nothing but a big-name energy drink ‘Red Bull’. To study this impact, the research approach used was ‘experimental’ and subjects were ‘personally’ contacted by the experimenter. In the experiment, the subjects were made to play a car racing video game where each was assigned a racecar which was functionally identical yet differing in terms of brand logos and color schemes including the logos of Guinness, Tropicana, Coca Cola, and Red Bull. The different brands were actually reflecting different brand identities. This experimental research found that the players racing the Red bull car competed with speed, recklessness, power, and aggressiveness – attributes that have been identified with the brand throughout its marketing programs. The players raced either inspiringly by winning or horribly by crashing, reflecting the associated extreme dimensions confined in the brand’s attribut es. In this way, the performance of Red Bull car racers was revealing the brand’s attributes among the racers even this impact was unknown to them. This finding can also be generalized to the behavioral influence of other energy drinks on consumer behavior or even to brands having an established, prominent personality.

Working in groups Essay Example for Free

Working in groups Essay 1) Explain the difference types of groups that suit in the workplace a) FORMAL AND INFORMAL GROUPS. Formal groups can be addressed to the staff as a whole, to selected groups of employees or to an individual in the company; such examples can be job appraisal procedures, reports, consultative document, etc. Informal groups in this way means talking but a two-way communication process in all its forms. These groups serve a counter organizational function, attempting to offset in a business. b) SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM. Short term is when an employee is working for a short period of time where as long term is when an employee is work more then that. Being in a group for a shirt time may not give the group all its best, but this can only change by stay for a long period of time. e) QUALITY CIRCLES Discussion groups that meet regularly to identify problems consider alternative solutions and recommend them to management. This forms an important part of a companys programme of continuous improvement. Quality circles may be summarised as following: * They are small groups of workers who meet voluntarily and appoint their own group leader. * They meet on a regular basis, often after work * They are usually from the same work area * Their purpose is to identify, investigate, analyse and solve- related problems. * They present their solutions the management. 2) Why is it of important to mangers individuals to encourage working in groups or teams? It is important for to mangers individuals to work in groups or teams because this can: * Increase listening skills * Shared work load * Work is completed quick * Increase motivation * Shared ideas * Shared responsibility * Developing team confidence * Problem solving * Specific skills 3) Explain fully Belbins team theory. Belbin team roles describe a pattern of behaviour that characterises one persons behaviour in relationship to another in facilitating the progress of a team. The value of Belbin team-role theory lies in enabling an individual or team to benefit from self-knowledge and adjust according to the demands being made by the external situation. Identifying a persons team Role helps: * Improve self awareness and personal effectiveness. * Foster mutual trust and understanding between work colleagues. * Team selection and team building. * Match people to jobs more effectively. Managers must understand that people bring more than their skills and experience to a team, they bring their personalities as well. Utilizing peoples behavioural strengths to create a balanced team adds greatly to both group and personal performance. It shows that although each team member in an example team has a functional role, they also have team roles. These are critical to the teams success. Belbin explains that teams with fewer members may need people to perform dual roles. He shows how behavioural skills can be assessed and how, with care, teams can be constructed that take account of hierarchies as well as personal interaction. 4) Why is it useful ensuring the success of working groups? Work can be made more efficient. Mistakes are likely to be made which also means more ideas are created. A feeling of belonging can be created which could also lead them to be motivated and this creates a better atmosphere. Extra work can be don which can have a knock on effect on any other groups if any. This may lead to increase of production and therefore increase of profit. 5) How do organizations use groups to achieve? a) Targets Groups are there two create ideas, plans and strategies. They can be part of these in order to achieve the target they are set. Each member of the group can be allocated a particular task, so the target is easier to achieve, this can help moral and motivation. This will then result in increased efficiency of completing the task b) Share Skills The work will be shared which makes it quicker to complete. This will motivate the employees to work quicker and faster and share all ideas amongst the group. Along with this is essential that work is shared with equal responsibility. Team confidence will build and problems which occur amongst the group can also be solved. Some people may have specific skills that others may not have; this can lead to good ideas, which can result of a good quality of work performance c) Ideas Goals Ideas are taken 4rm all individuals in the group and then summarised and put together to make a big discussion or point. Every idea brought up can be widened out or also described as a schema. Employees will be motivated and the business will be come more successful. This will lead the business to become more higher ranked. The business will be getting the best of its ability of the groups ideas, which will associate it to become more successful.

How changes in family structure affect society

How changes in family structure affect society There are many changes that occur in the society and the family but it always had a link which distinguishes the reasons for both activities in one way or the other. If there is a change in the society it will definitely have an impact with the citizens; it may be against the change or for but it has its contribution for the change. The Society cannot be called a society without its citizens and family is where most citizens belong therefore for every change in the family- will be an influence and be the reasons behind the changes of the society (Wethington, 1992). There is a huge difference in the current family structure compared with how family is defined, it doesnt meet the criteria and the description but it is still a family. The term Nuclear family is used to describe how a family should be structured and an example of a nuclear family is composed by two biological parents and children this model of nuclear family believes to represents a healthy and successful family in the society for every citizen. The nuclear familys role is to helps maintain the family stronger and get the children and parents connected to avoid many problems due to separation of parents or numerous children. It doesnt matter about the family status or background but each individual in the society have different family circumstances and beliefs therefore the structure of the family varies and adapts depending in the consequences in life (Bengston, 2004). The meaning of families has too many definitions and different structure compared to the previous decade or recent years, the changes are very fast and unpredictable. A family was usually set after a marriage and every member of the family including the grandparents and the other siblings were each and everyone an important asset to the family, lived together or had regular visits. In the olden days the society wouldnt treat a couple with respects or even accept their presence within the society if they were living together before marriage or getting pregnant before being married. It has some religious influence but the society was very strict about marriages and that can also affect their future generation therefore individuals were scared not to be treated equally by the society and were getting married in order to form a family. Being in a family was the main aim for each individuals at that time; in todays worlds people have different interest and priorities but the majority stil l have families as their main priority maybe dont believe in marriages but they are members of families, nobody is to be felt as an orphan due to the current societies where even friends are considered to be families (Kelly). The family of Today varies from house to house, it is very complicated to define a family of today, it has different biological parents, children and sometimes both parents dont have any biological connections with the children but still are formed as family with adoptions systems. Therefore it is not needed to be blood related to be part of a family or belong to one, a family is formed with individuals not necessarily blood related and live within the same roof, care and love for each other. If the current society has to be compared with its previous, a lot of changes can be seen but the main ones are the changes in the family structure. There are different types of family, a single parent, gay parents, lesbian parents, adoptions, different biological parents and siblings all living within the same roof. Previously mothers or fathers would only be considered as single parents after a death of the partner and then the society slowly was getting several cases where single parent would occur due to divorce; it then lost the obligation of being married in order to form a family. The current new family types are gay parents and lesbians parents, gay and lesbian people are having an option to adopt a child and form a family of their own. The society was against gay and lesbian people but as the population and family of gay and lesbian people increased the society has changed its view and its manners over them (Bengston, 2004). The changes in the family and society might have improved and benefited individuals according to their living circumstances but there are also many negative outcomes due to these changes in family structure. A nuclear family was said to be ideal for the benefits of the children, both parents are responsible more emotionally and blood related to their children therefore they would care and love for their childrens future and well being as education and heath related issues. In todays case; parents are not always the biological mother or father of the child who leads to lack of concentration and observation in the children. Children dont get the basics such as care, love, proper food, medication and education. It can be proven in many cases where single parents struggle to manage the family and dont cope with problems and their children; it is not fair on the children not to benefit from basics needs such as education, care and love. It is highly necessary and the parents are responsib le for the well being of the child that is why a nuclear family is believed to be better for the children( Bilge, 1983). The children are also put in danger sometimes and in most cases the females are victims of sexual harassments from their step-fathers. It cannot be guaranteed that the biological father wouldnt have sexual contacts with their children because there are cases where their biological parents have sexual contacts with their children. Danger is everywhere but it is statistically proven to be safer to live with their own biological father and better for the childrens future and safety. Not all the parents biological or not have sexual or treat their children differently from their own, there are cases where step-fathers and step-mothers dont treat all the children equally and give preference to their own biological child. In the other hand we have cases were parents of different biological children have very good relationship and remain as strong family (Starling, 1995). The descriptions above of different changes in the family structure have given an idea of how the society is involved with the family and how it adapts to the changes. The issues about marriages and living together where once not accepted among the society even if the law wasnt objecting; the society still was strong enough to refuse others on their view on marriages. The society slowly is changed because as the elder generation disappear or become weaker to comment the younger generation take the lead and change the society according to their wishes and the law is also a strong asset to fight against the society. The marriage wasnt the only issue but there were many issues where the society would refuse to assume the change like the different race in the family but as the members of family develop their changes in their lifestyle-then the society doesnt immediately reacts and adapts to the changes but it slowly learns or somehow is forced to adapt and assume the changes( Delgado, 19 94). The current changes of gay and lesbian families arent completely accepted by the society but the law has only recently approved the rights for the gay and lesbian people. In most cases the individuals would have changes in their lifestyle and the law and religious beliefs would be against their choice. At current, religions dont have an impact for the law to make judgements on individuals choice of living but it usually needs a large amount of people or related issues to fight against then the law then it conclude a favourable judgement or sometimes against depending on the issues. The society havent fully accepted the gay and lesbian families because it is not a dominant number of people whom are gays and lesbians therefore it would take some time for the society to adapt and accept the existence of gay and lesbian families. This is how the structure of the family can change the society, as the family changes its structure the society slowly adapts and contributes as the family wish es; it is a slow process but at the end the society is indirectly forced to accept the changes (Starr, 1998). What is legal today wasnt legal yesterday and what was legal yesterday wasnt legal before, therefore the family changes the society and the society changes the world. Word count: 1428 words